Plural & Singular

A lot of (banyak)
A plenty of (berlebihan)
Some (sedikit)
Any (sebarang)
Much (banyak)
Many (banyak)
A little (sedikit)
A few (sedikit)
Several (beberapa)


Uncountable Nouns
( tidak boleh dikira )

Contoh
Makanan- sugar, meal, coffee, rice, tea,  & food
Cecair - milk, blood , oil
Gas / udara - oxygen, smoke, air ,dust
Pepejal - bread & butter
Bahan - rubber, cloth, wood, CD

tiada "S" pada uncountable nouns nouns walaupun banyak

contoh ayat
A lot of clean air
A plenty of mineral water
Some black coffee
Any amount of oil


Countable Nouns
( boleh dikira )

Contoh
Pen
Key
car
book
room
CD
Computer
Building
Tower


Mempunyai "S" jika countable nouns

Contoh Ayat
A lot of cars
A plenty of rooms
Some pencils
Any kind of books


Singular

Merujuk kepada 1

Sentiasa gunakan This,that,is & a

tanya dalam plural
What is that
Is that a camel
what is this
is this a dinosour

Plural

merujuk kepada sesuatu yang banyak
sentiasa gunakan these, those, & are

These = ini semua (all of these)
Those = itu semua (all of those)

tanya dalam plural

what are these ?
are these sea animals
what are those ?
are those transformers

Menjawab dalam plural

Yes, These are sea animals

No, those are not transformers
Those are cars


List of plurals

1.Tambah sahaja "S" di hujungnya jika sesuatu benda itu banyak

Shop = shops
Note = notes
Bell = bells
fruit = fruits
song = songs
ball = balls

2.Tambah "es" pada akhiran x, o, s, sh, ch, dan ss

Box = boxes
Bus = buses
Hero = heroes
Potato = potatoes
Mango = mangoes
brush = brushes
wish = wishes
Beach = beaches
Speech = speeches
Class = classes
Dress = dresses
Loss = losses
Glass = glasses

KECUALI pada ayat yang tertentu
Tambah "s" pada akhiran o

Photo = photos,
Piano = pianos
Studio = Studios


3.Tukar akhiran "Y" kepada "ies"

Baby = babies
Lady = ladies
Ferry = ferries
Story = stories

KECUALI: jika huruf vokal sebelum "y"...tambah "s" saja
Donkey = donkeys
Key = keys
Boy = boys
Day = days

Tukar akhiran "f, fe" kepada "ves"

Knife = knives
Thief = thives
leaf = leaves

4.Pengecualian terhadap ayat-ayat yang tertentu
safe = Safes
Handerkerchief = Handerkerchiefs
Proof = proofs
Roof = roofs

5.Tukar habis terhadap huruf - huruf yang tertentu
Man = men
Woman = women
child = children
Mouse = mice
Foot = feet
Tooth = teeth
Goose = geese

6.Tambah "S" kepada singkatan
CD's, LRT's